Research: Buying behaviour and culture

Research Buying get and assimilationData AnalysisThe postdateing chapter aims to provide the reader with the results generated form the questionnaire distri anded manu on the wholey. The psychoanalysis and discussion is center on evaluating the primary data in the origination with objectives of the proposed study which is virtually(predicate) Buying behaviour and culture.Respondent to QuestionnaireThere argon total of 80 Questionnaire was facen to plenty belong to Pakistani alliance and precisely 33 Questionnaires ar returned which is 41 % of total and buildn for but investigate. Overall there atomic number 18 59 % Questionnaires was non respondent and could non include for analysis.Feels Happy in Cultural uniformThe down the stairs chart suggests that females and males of al more or less all the category of successions go revealably go quick file of view that it give them feelings of happiness when they wear their heathence clothe because it form a difference and in like manner it gives them feeling of belonging to the traditional heathenish as well.Cultural Clothes as IdentityThe below interpret is show that females of era 26-35 and similarly females of geezerhood 18-25 argon signifi come inhouset considers that cultural vestments argon their identity and the Males of middle shape up 36-49 and above 50 believes that cultural clothes atomic number 18 their identity. Here the difference mingled with the Females and Males age difference shows that Female of Young age are more than(prenominal) fright about(predicate) their cultural identity as compared to Males because they virtuallyly do non b some other about clothing as cultural identity.Peer family unit and Reference Group influencingThe below graph shows that females of age group 18-25 and age 26-35 consider the compliments of the family and friends for the destining and similarly males of age 18-25 and 26-35 believes that opinion of the family and frie nds are athleticsdamental follow for choice clothing. It shows tat Overall males and females of Pakistani corporation is influenced by the reference groups compliments and opinions. gibe to the studies about the Pakistani confederation it was ascertained that they cast strong influences of peer group specially the family and parents who al personal manners give them guidance and opinion about their behaviour and culture.Cultural Influences for mark of ClothesThe below Graph is about the point of view when Pakistani community facial expression for shopping .When wad are going for clothes shopping they consider the cultural they belong as this graph shows that females of the community between age group of 18-25, 26-35 and 36-49 consider that culture influences the shopping for clothing but males have non shows the large bear on of cultural for their shopping. According to studies carried for Pakistani community also discussed that sight have strong feeling and believes abo ut the culture and also feel happy when they do approximatelything depending on their culture.western sandwich sandwich and east Clothes Likeness between Old and modernisticfound GenerationsThe below graph shows that New multiplication Strong believed that western clothes are ripe to wear and they like it. It show that Female and male of age between 18-25 and 26-35 are signifi great dealtly retaind that they likes the western clothes and it is in-chief(postnominal) for Marketers to turn in that this segment have strong view point about likeness of occidental clothes.The blow graph shows that Old Generation likes the east Clothes. If we look at graph it clearly shows that Females and Males of middle age 36-49 are more interested towards the eastern clothes and hey have strong believe that eastern clothes are good to wear.If we look at mature and in the altogether generations Likeness about eastern and western clothes we fuck analysis that sore generation likes more wes tern clothes and they follow the western clothing trend as compared to old generation which is in conviction following the eastern cultural clothes and fashion. It show that old generation have more impact of the cultural believes and sets on them as compared to new generation.Religious Gathering and Traditional ClothesThe below graph show that females of all age consider that traditional clothing is chief(prenominal) for ghostly throng and they prefer to dress up according to the gathering requirements on this preference of traditional clothing males have not show he significant impact of gathering and traditional clothes which shows that females are more concerned about the traditional clothing as compared to males for the religious gathering. According to the Studies shows that Pakistani Community have strong religious, traditional, beliefs, Rituals which reflects in their purchasing behaviour which seen in research carried out as secondary research.If Western Brands Offer Eastern ClothesThe below graph shows that Pakistani community will feel happy if they can find eastern clothes in western shuffling shops like Asda and next etcetera Females and males of new-made to middle age are strongly believed that it would be pleasure to shop when they can buy eastern clothes in western brands shopping. It is central to know about this segment point of view about this and Asda is already considering this eastern clothing for this segment and they are urinateing good and hatful also showed their interest in this research (secondary research about Asda).If Eastern Shops Start selling Western ClothesThe below graph showing that tidy sum are somehow interested to buy western clothes if eastern shops start selling. But their point of view about this in twain(prenominal) gender males and females are not significant considerably so it is telling about that they feel more happy to busy western clothes from western brand shops rather than eastern. It is all- important(prenominal) for marketers to know about this to start any new product for this community.Quality is more important than PriceThe below Graph shows that Pakistani community have strong believe that case is more important than m peerlesstary value. Females and males some(prenominal) consider this that quality is more important and also this graph shows that young and middle age mountain are al elbow rooms considering quality as important federal agent to buy clothes. It shows that old age people are still not that much aware about the quality product they still evidence to consider the harm and it is also kind class promoter that people look for the low price even if the quality is not good and it was seen in secondary research as well. According to secondary research about the Pakistani community also shown that people are brand lover yet they are still conscious about price as well because of exchange rate but as farthest as young generation they are not that much price conscious they are brand lover and take brand as status symbol it can be the agreement that they are natural here.Research EthicsResearch ethics is the appropriateness of how the researcher behaves in relation to the rights of the respondents who become the subject of the researchers work, or are affected by it (saunder et all 2003), Throughout the whole research there will unavoid fittingness to be a circumstance of the ethical issues. Ethnical responsibilities like frankly and with integrated work have been taken pity. Fraud has been avoided to bring new finding by the research. Data analysis has been done on in right direction by take for excel sheet.Conclusion According to the secondary research and the result of primary research which is done by questionnaire shows that Pakistani community Have strong believes, values and ritual consideration when they are buying Clothes. They consider their culture as important itemor and have strong influence towards shopping for dresses.Growth Prospects And Outcomes due(p) to augment in Pakistani population and their economic status as leash gamey earning community with long expenditure capa urban center, marketer should study more cultural and consumer buying Behavior of this community in UK market, by forming Pakistani consumer market segment, targeting and Positioning Pakistani consumer in UK to operate business more profitable, expandable and providing better customer services. Currently there are few branded shops target perfectly the Pakistani consumer, but still to marketers demand to understand the Pakistani consumer and explore their cultural influences to make this segment important. win ResearchDue to limited resource of manpower and fourth dimension, Research can be further carried out on larger scale, more geographically, ancient group and big target consumer. Further researched is needed on Pakistani consumer buying Behaviour, understanding cultural and kind characteristics and i ts implication.Oliver Twist by Charles the Tempter AnalysisOliver Twist by Charles demon AnalysisOliver Twist by Charles devil.Given the reputation and gravity of Oliver Twist, it is sometimes difficult to recall that this was only Dickens second novel, written and serialised in 1838. Moreover, it was a risky spue because Dickens had won massive popular acclaim on the habitation of operations of his preceding novel, The Pickwick Papers (1836), which could not have been more different in its comic recording of the adventures of the Pickwick Club. Nevertheless, Dickens novel of the pauper childs struggles in the wickedness of Londons thieves kitchens was to become one of his most support, popular successes, fitted for stage and screen multiple times since its root and as popular today as when it was first published.When Dickens began Oliver Twist, he was a young man with a mission to expose the evils of purchase orders treatment of much(prenominal) children as Oliver repr esents and expose the invidiousness of the contentious curt Law Amendment Act of 1834. From his birth in the workhouse, where he is badged and ticketed, Oliver is the essence of all that Dickens believes to be wrong with Victorian Society. Indeed, the author believed that by making his readers care about one such boy, he could make them care about many a(prenominal) an(prenominal). Though it may be a mistake to presuppose of Oliver Twist as a realistic story it nevertheless contains enduring truths and such descriptions as the paupers funeral in Chapter Five were also historically immaculate.The novel concerns the story of a child, born out of wedlock in the workhouse of a certain town. By refusing to name the town, Dickens is not only dismissive of all such places as not worth the trouble of mentioning but also imposing a comprehensively relevant generic, as he is on the typeatic child himself. After a series of early struggles, set pieces, such as Olivers intercommunicat e for more, having become so powerfully entrenched in the ordinary consciousness as to make them almost clichd, Oliver becomes so desperate that he walks to London and is immediately sucked into the world of thieves and vagabonds which so powerfully populate the novel. A palpable concern with these characters, such as Fagin and Sikes, is that they are, in common with many of Dickens villains, more charismatic than the benevolent and certainly, one of the reasons readers continue to be drawn to the story is the evil genius that is Fagin, persistently referred to as the Jew. This is in itself problematic in contemporary society, as the inherent anti-Semitism which attaches to Dickens descriptions of him are difficult for the modern reader to dispassionately assimilate. Yet, in his make of Fagins gang and their surroundings, Dickens intended a realism that he snarl was missing in the popular crime fiction of the time, the so called Newgate Novels.Oliver finds some solace in the com pany of the urchin robbers, such as Dodger, nurtured by Fagin and in this the reader comprehends a connection with Dickens own early struggles simply in London.When the intricacies of the plot deliver Oliver back and forth between what we afterwards learn is his natural environs, that of the upper-class Brownlow et al, a certain energy is remove from the novel until, via Nancy and Bills violent relationship and her betrayal of him to give up the child, the appalling vitality of the story reappears. This complex relationship is in point possibly one of the more contemporaneously resonant within the novel.Indeed, it is say that Dickens, when acting out the scene of Sikes murder of Nancy, frequently came close to fleshly collapse since this, combined with the insidious malevolence of Fagin that urged Sikes to it, is one of the more fright yet gripping moments in the book. Its potent appeal, indeed, may cause the reader to question his own moral sensibility in finding such wic kedness such a compelling draw. It is, indeed, interesting to note that when David work filmed the novel so brilliantly in 1948, possibly repayable to censorship, he cut away from the violence to focus on Sikes wienerwurst desperately trying to escape. Nancy remains one of the finer and more knotty creations in a novel teeming with emblematic caricatures, her pain at betraying Bill fully revealed in her confession to the character of whom she is in many ways the inverse, Rose, who cannot understand her compulsion to return to Sikes any more than Nancy can herselfI dont know what it is, answered the girl I only know that it is so, and not with me alone, but with hundreds of others as bad and wretched as myself. I essential go back. Whether it is Gods wrath for the wrong I have done, I do not know but I am drawn back to him through each suffering and ill practice session and I should be, I believe, if I knew that I was to die by his fall at last.Nancy is describing the purest of loves and by rendering a prostitute capable of such delicacy and depth of feeling Dickens was yet again fully grown a voice to those that had none. Both in his fiction and in his life, indeed, Dickens spoke out time and time again for those whom society, for one reason or another, cast out.In the final analysis, Dickens acquirement in Oliver Twist is fundamental to its continuing appeal. It has, within its pages, the evocation of both the era in which it was set and the possibility of the perpetuation of evil which continues to continue within mankind. Historically, one cannot imagine the possibility of a realisation of sociable iniquity which is beyond or above that realised in Olivers story and in this, the child does indeed, as Dickens intended, represent the microscopic voice of the innocent against the power and invidiousness of an un care mass. As an enduring emblem of the many, this one, lonely child, Oliver Twist, became, both contemporaneously and for future generati ons, a symbol of both the deep despair and profound hope he definitively embodies.BibliographyPeter Ackroyd, Dickens, (Sinclair Stevenson, London, 1990).Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist, (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999). canful Forster, The Life of Charles Dickens in Two Volumes, (J.M. Dent Sons, London, 1966).Ruth Glancy, learner Companion to Charles Dickens, (Greenwood Press, Westport CT, 1999).F. Hopkinson Smith, In Dickenss London, (Charles Scribers Sons, New York, 1916).John Manning, Dickens on Education, (University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1959).Steven Marcus, Dickens, from Pickwick to Dombey, (Basic Books, New York, 1965).John R. Reed, Dickens and Thackeray Punishment and Forgiveness, (Ohio University Press, Athens, OH, 1995).Paul Schlicke, Dickens and Popular Entertainment, (Unwin Hyman, London, 1988).Types of Neighbourhoods examen RevisionTypes of Neighbourhoods Exam RevisionMalachi-Chaim RobinsonJason RhodesEssay Exam 1 trigger 1- Short AnswerJacobs to contend t here are only 3 types of neighborhoods (1) the s treet neighborhood, (2) districts of 100,000 people or more, and (3) the metropolis as a whole. This roots by all odds reflect in the theme of urban center proviso. It is noteworthy to note that Jacobs considers these to be the ideal take on what a neighborhood to have in order to not be dependent on economics and that these tercet types of neighborhoods enable people to come together in unity and unanimity and that is when the neighborhood is most successful. And also she believes that the continuity these neighborhood bring definelty suspensor foster the social interactions among the people to have a healthy and respectable environment. These three types are also alluded as they describe that the formulatening of a urban center needs to take place from the street aim perspective and the goal needs to support and promote the vitality of metropolis streets. And the biggest thing of how these are think is that the city i s organized in a complex fashion. Thus, everything is interrelated and everything is related to everything. So any attempts to simplify anything hurts the people of the city and cookery.Kevin kill was able to introduce urban designers to a new idea about the urbanism of a city. He focused on how the people in the city used and comprehend the personal environment and not the traditional way by the use of learning about the city through maps. Lynch was able to gather his research after a five year long examination of the most important elements of the city perceived by the residents in that area and his goal reflected his vision of identifying the most important features to the people in that area. His core archetype was the idea of readability which is how easy the paths of the cityscape can be organized into a recognizable pattern. He conducted his research in three cities and identified the five attain elements that make up the perceived elements of the city path, edges, dist ricts, nodes, and land mark. The path consists of the channels along which the observer moves. This includes streets, paths, routes and this the single most important mechanism in the idea of promoting urban legibility because this is how people experience the city. And the idea that people are using paths constructed in their mental capacity demonstrates the idea of the promotion of legibility as they are able to recognize the paths of the cityscape. Landmarks are point references which are connatural to nodes. Contrasting nodes, landmarks are foreign features to the respective(prenominal)s and where they enter during their travels. They are often physical structures and is extensive. Landmarks help promote the idea of urban legibility as they are used by people to help better understand and travel the environment that was built.In Building American Cityscapes, Edward pestle argues that the American urban landscape reflects a unifying consensus founded on a capitalistic savi ng and liberal social philosophy (304). Basically, in lament terms, Muller is leaning that the characteristics of the American ashes ideals is written into the landscape and is shaped differently from other cities and countries. An example of this in the text edition is when he argues that ideally, the transformation of the American system has been transformed and impacted by the change from the original urban settlements in North America that reflected the derivative trans objectts of European societies (304). The furtherization from the idea of the founding root built the nationwide enterprise of the current state and premise of which Muller argues of the capitalistic economy. The liberal social philosophy stresses the freedom and rights of the individual tag by the government protecting these fundamental rights. An example of this is in the text is when Muller said Substantial infusionsofdiverse immigrant groups have testedthissocial vision,butageneral adherenceto theliberal philosophyin agrowingeconomy diminished rigid class stratification, effected a sharing of the power and wealth with upwardly sprightly generations, and produced a dynamic yet untidy social geography (304). Thus, changes and marks have impacted the environment and changed the way in how the environment is looked and perceived as the current American urban landscape according to Muller. And repayable to the new center of the economics at the center of the American landscape, these changes have been reflected the consequences by the geographical nature.Part 2- Essay Answer to Question 1More and more people have been moving to the suburban area since the 1950s and it has become the place to live. But, also to geographers it has become and study and a huge cultural discussion. Geographers have researched and tried to create a set of definitions or a criteria that defines a suburb. In fact, contrary to popular belief spot researching and trying to determine the suburb is from differe nt approaches and cultural angles, it has been found that the thought and idea of the suburbia is a hotly discussed and popular issue among geographers. So many definitions are proposed for the suburbia, but geographers do agree on the fact there are few people who even understand the idea and concept in this world as to what a suburbia real is.So what exactly is a suburbia? The urban settings are indoors of the main city and urban areas have high population densities and dissever of businesses that are centralized in that area in order for people and there is some stress on interpersonal relationships because of overcrowding. On the contrast, plain settings are completely different and are far from the city and the tightness of the population in the rural settings is low. Few businesses can cater to the people. The suburbia is the aim between the rural and urban areas. It consists of neighborhoods that surrounds the city but not located in the centralized location of where pe ople go or congregate to. The suburbia exists really on the outer edge districts and is characterized by housing area, some shopping avenues, and some schools.In James Howard Kunstlers TED talk, he essentially is able to dictate that in the public eye(predicate) places should be exalt by the centers of well-mannered life and the idea of common good. Also, he argues that he believes that there are locations or places in America that should not be worth caring about. Kunstler is a sense relates to the ideas and concepts proposed by Jane Jacobs. Jane Jacobs was an urbanist pioneer that encounterd how planners plan the city and the various concerns that arise when planning the city. She even researches as to what factors instantaneously lead to the success of neighborhoods, sidewalks, and such. She has even contributed this success because of the rising demand for diversity. In Kunstlers view we see his fear of the trust in the suburbia because no one cares to know each other and develop social interactions. People keep to themselves and there is a sense of a lack of trust in the eyes of the community among neighbors. This critique reflected the idea of Jacobs in sense. Both agree that lack of trust and fear is evident among urbanism and both agree that if this problem is captured it can be explicitly changed and impacted. Kunstler believes that if you get to know the people and environment around you, this can decidedly have an impact on how the fear can be resolved in a sense. Jacobs, on the other hand argues for the breeding of surveillance. Even though the two have different solutions, both can agree on the concept that neighborhoods become successful when the problem is identified and fixed in the outperform way possible. Another concept that be realized is that both Jacobs and Kunstler agree on the fact that a change in the planning of the city needs to be in order to bring continuity in order to have social interactions in order to foster a healt hy and safe environment, which Kunstler argues.In James Howard Kunstlers TED talk, he basically is able to dictate that public places should be inspired by the centers of civil life and the idea of common good. Also, he argues that he believes that there are locations or places in America that should not be worth caring about. Kunstler is a sense relates to the ideas and concepts proposed by Kevin Lynch. Lynch was an urban farmer that was able to research and dissect on the perceptions and the navigation of the environment by the people in relation to city planning. He is able to examine how the away factors of the environment affects the people along with space and time. Lynch says that specific and definite elements such as the path, district, landmark, edge, and node exists in the complexity in every structure. Kunstlers ideas as a stretched part on my end also reveals a want for the city to be transformed into an imageable landscape which is similar to Lynch. In fact, both can agree on the fact that the city can be transformed into different view by considering the environment. If this is done, both also agree the people in that community can perceive the place with different perceptions and meanings. Thus, change can impact the people support in that area. Both Kunstler and Lynch both by all odds share the idea that there needs to be a change in the development and planning of the city. Both Lynch and Kunstler stems from different backgrounds and different approaches ideally, but both argue on the same premise that the environment needs to be altered in order to impact the people around it. In a sense, the landscape of the environment are being shaped and reshaped by the social interactions and perceptions of what it should be in that particular area. It seems as if both Lynch and Kunstler seems to grasp the concept of the urban life and environmental images.In conclusion, Kunstler ideas seems to relate back to the pioneers of the great field of urban ism in this subject. There is a definite parallel of Kunstlers work to Jane Jacobs and Kevin Lynch. Kunstler is definitely able to cover the narration and development of the planning of specific cities and suburbs. He is able to critically examine how land have been used and misused, rather than for the collective group effort. Kunstler definitely blames the fall of suburbia due to the automobile industry and the destruction on the idea of what a community is in the idea of an urban sprawl. Kunstler definitely has some good points to show how history has shaped the ideas of neighborhoods. The fact alone is that Kunstler is a controversial figure.Reflection Human Resources and CSRReflection Human Resources and CSRThis strain would cover three study aspects of gentlemans gentleman resource heed in my former practice session.HRM in my memorial tabletHRM and CSRHRM policies during nookHuman resource counsel can be described as an approach to takement that consider people as i ts secern resources. For every system of rules their employees are the key resource for success. Without co-operation or commitment from employees, organizations cant give heights. In a broader sense HRM is defined as the part of management process that specializes in the management of people in work organizations.HRM emphasizes that employees are critical in achieving sustainable competitive advantage, that human resource specialists help organisational controllers to take on both efficiency and equity objectives(The human resource management conjecture and Practice pg11)HRM in my organizationIn my limited experience I have seen a range of HRM activities by HRM professional in my organization.HR managers are considered as single point of contact for employees for all the HR related issues.HRM holds a significant role in managing employees in an organization. Behaviour theorists suggests that behaviour and performance of the human resource is a function of at least(prenominal) four variables ability, motivation, role perception and situational contingencies.(McShane,1995). Strategic management of people has been considered as a primary goal for HRM. Strategies has been formulated at the organizational level by the senior management and then it has been distributed to the Business level and then to Functional level.HR managers has to leverage the organizational outline to the line managers.HR managers has to motivate employees to achieve the common goal or the organizational strategy.HRM activities includes a range of activities from recruitment, train, estimation and rewards.HR managers are linked to an employee from the time he joins the organization to the time he leaves the organization. An HR manager has to keep record of all the employees working in the particular organization. In my experience HR team conducts recruitment base on the requirement from each business unit to carry out a project.HR team first analyze the available internal work for ce and then if not found enough resources, then conduct recruitments. Appropriate candidates are shortlisted and then interviewed.HR manager role also includes planning induction training for the new joiners, creating training plan from the employees, making a buffer pool to manage surplus employees in the organization and also to take care of employee separation processes.In my personal view my previous(prenominal) employer Tech Mahindra limited follows Guest imitate of HRM. According to Guest model of HRM core set of HRM practices can achieve superior individual and organizational performance. The central hypothesis of HRM is that if an integrated set of HRM practices are applied in a coherent fashion with a view to achieving normative goals of high commitment, high quality and task flexibility then superior individual performance will result.(Braton, Gold Human Resource Management hypothesis and Practice pg21).In Techmahindra HR practices are performed in such a way that emplo yees are given fitting training and are rewarded properly so that their commitment to the organization will increase. They are made aware of the organizational strategy and the organizational goals. By doing like that each employee will work towards achieving that common goal. We also had a forum call JOSH which represents fun and entertainment of employees in the organization. JOSH club will organize events end-to-end the year so that employees can participate in those events and can unwind from the work load. This will create a good work environment for the employees. I consider this as a good HR strategy to give employee a warm feeling in the organization.Picture adapted from Lecture2 hand out.I can clearly say that in my previous employment the HRM cycle was similar to the HRM Cycle developed by Fomburn(1984).Once the employee is selected to the organization then he will be evaluated yearly base on his performance. Manager will assign goals to employee that needs to be achie ved during the financial year. At the end of financial year appraisal discussion will take place between employee and manager and will review how far the employee achieved his/her goals. base on that if required manager will ask the employee to attend training programmes or if the employee performs exceptionally then he/she will be put up for a reward and will receive a hike in his/her pay.HRM and CSRCorporate Social Responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR), also known as corporate conscience, corporate citizenship or corporate social performance, is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model.(Source Wood, D. (1991)). CSR focused business promotes public interest by encouraging community harvest-time and development and eliminating practices that harm public sphere regardless of legality.All major multinational firms have CSR policy associated with their organizational policy. All organization has a responsibility to the society. Many organiz ations follow different procedures for CSR.CSR based business promotes public interest by encouraging community growth and development. Organizations focus on growth of the community and society by implementing several welfare schemes.CSR is also considered as a welfare policy that each multinational firms or organization dedicate to the society.In my previous employment we had several schemes include in the CSR policy. In my organization it was considered as an initiative which is voluntarily undertaken by every employee to improve quality of life in the society.CSR reflects organizations brand and value by addressing societies most complex problems and try to bring a sustainable solution(sourceTechMahindra website). HR policies are tailored in such a way that organizational and project goals are not affected by employee involvement in CSR activities.Several issues that a society faces include lack of proper teaching method in colonisations, lack of computer in some schools etc. So these issues are taken as part of CSR and each organization with the help of their employees tries to find out a solution. In my previous employment we have taken care of an orphanage. We have supplied them with all the necessary food, provided education and invited them for all the celebrations that we conducted in our office. All employees who are actively involved in the CSR spend valuable time with them when they visited our office. Similarly we have also conducted tree plantation and also implemented Go Green policy in office premises. We have taken up a rural village and provided education for women and children. Employees can actively participate in these programs during their free time and on weekends.We have Techmahindra infrastructure to help and support Education in rural areas, women empowerment and to support the needy. HR policies are made in such a way that employees can provide support to the innovation by giving donations or being a volunteer of the foundation to help and support the CSR activities.HR Policies during inletEvery organization has a change in their organizational strategy during the economic corner time. senior management has asked HR professionals to come up with a new HR strategy to deal with the financial crisis. The primary objective of senior management was to skip cost and maintain financial stability in the organization. Due to financial crisis many organizations had to shut down their operations, many employees lost their line of credit and those organizations that survived the crisis are due to proper organizational and HR strategies. Creative human resource management is necessary during the recession period.HRM function has to develop new ideas to bring change to HRM process. These changes bring change in the procedure in which an organization works. The main idea behind brining in new procedures is to reduce cost of the organization. Usually recession period is not considered as a good time to bring HRM Inn ovations. For most organizations during recession their policies and practices should be base lined on cost cuttingIn my previous employment, during recession period HR professional came up with a strategic plan to find out number of employees that are currently working on projects and employees that are not allocated to any projects. As cost cutting was one of the main objectives HR professionals implemented job rotation scheme so that employees that are working on a project is given an prospect to work on another project where the organization was actually looking for an external resource. When they found that by job rotation the requirement of external candidate is not required as the internal employee was able to manage the new challenge.Another HR policy was to identify real key employees in the organization. This was done to ensure that key employees dont leave the organization during the recession time. They were made intact to the organization.HR professionals has also impl emented some policies to find out employees that are not performing up to the expectation. Those employees were put in a job pool and have given opportunity to develop their skills and apply for new roles outside the organization. Most organizations were following lay-off scheme during the recession time as an easy way of cost cutting. In my organization we treasured commitment of employees to the organization. So instead of relieving employees they were given a nominal measuring stick as salary and a space to develop their skills. If an employee shows his/her skills then he/she will be taken back into project with the normal pay.During recession period HR officials were forced to revisit the training plans and make desirable arrangements so that trainings will not incur heavy cost for the organization. closedownI could clearly state that in my previous employment the HR strategy was intact with the organisational strategy, where the strategy was driven by HR. Resource based view of strategy was given more importance.HRM policies and practices should be tailored by considering employees as their key resources.